there have been a lot of laws controlling the pollution为什么用cotrolling

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there have been a lot of laws controlling the pollution为什么用cotrolling
there have been a lot of laws controlling the pollution为什么用cotrolling

there have been a lot of laws controlling the pollution为什么用cotrolling
there be + 名词 + 动词-ing句型,这里controlling与laws的关心是主动的,-ing表示主动.
例如:
There is a boy lying under the tree.

这里动词ING形式用于表示主动,法律用来控制污染 是主动控制

there be 句型后面的动词一般都用ing形式 这基本上是固定用法 记住就行了

controlling the pollution做后置定语,动词做后置定语只能用ing或者ed 形势。表主动用Ing,表被动用ed