英语翻译In an early paper,Carlton (1970) formulates a model which integrates finance,economic,and accounting theory to develop a linear programming structure for firm decisionmaking.A dividend stream valuation equation is used to develop a non-li

来源：学生作业帮助网编辑：作业帮时间：2024/11/07 21:37:28

英语翻译In an early paper,Carlton (1970) formulates a model which integrates finance,economic,and accounting theory to develop a linear programming structure for firm decisionmaking.A dividend stream valuation equation is used to develop a non-li
英语翻译
In an early paper,Carlton (1970) formulates a model which integrates finance,economic,and accounting theory to develop a linear programming structure for firm decisionmaking.A dividend stream valuation equation is used to develop a non-linear objective function in terms of maximum share price over a planning horizon set by the firm.To develop the related constraints,accounting information,economic theory and finance theory are jointly employed to justify the specifications.Carlton uses balance sheet and income statement relationships to specify constraints in terms of sources and uses of funds,and after tax profits,both expressed through balance sheet and income statement accounts.The model then incorporates equity relationships,more specifically constraints on convertible activity and equity offerings by the firm.Investment opportunities for the firm are used to establish project screening standards,and to relate such decision variables to the sources of funds.Finally,explicit consideration is make for policy constraints originated by the firm,i.e.,restrictions on dividend payment,target capital structure,etc.Despite the complexity of the equation system (and the assumptions underlying their formulation),the constraints used by Carlton can be classified as either definitional or policy constraints.The author provides an illustration of the model,starting with current income statement and balance sheet figures and decisions concerning desired firm characteristics and generates a five year forecast of balance sheets and income statements for the firm.Thus,this model can be used to forecast important financial variables in addition,it can be used to perform related sensitivity analysis.
\x05Finally,Francis and Rowell (1978) extend Warren and Shelton's model to consider 10 sectors of a firm's operations (including pricing,production costs,industry sales,and risk).The system of equations is essentially recursive (as in WS's model),but each sector's equations are solved simultaneously.Again,sales is the driving force for the system,and it in turn determines production levels and capital requirements.However,what is new is that pricing decisions (as well as production costs) can be considered explicitly before income generated can be estimated.This in turn affects the financing required.Risk is also added as a determinant of the cost of financing.The sensitivity of the equation system to various parameter changes is also discussed.

英语翻译In an early paper,Carlton (1970) formulates a model which integrates finance,economic,and accounting theory to develop a linear programming structure for firm decisionmaking.A dividend stream valuation equation is used to develop a non-li
在早期,卡尔顿（1970）制定一个模型相结合的金融,经济,会计理论发展的一个线性规划结构为企业决策.股息流估价方程是用来建立一个非线性目标函数方面的最高股价计划期内由公司.发展相关的限制,会计信息,经济理论和金融理论是用来证明规格.卡尔顿用资产负债表和损益表关系指定条件的限制,资金来源和用途,和纳税后的利润,都表示通过资产负债表和损益表帐户.该模型把股权关系,更具体限制兑换活动及发行股票的公司.投资机会的公司是用来建立项目筛选标准,并与决策变量的资金来源.最后,明确考虑制定为政策限制起源的公司,即,限制股利支付,目标资本结构,等.尽管复杂的方程系统（和假设制定）,限制使用的卡尔顿可以分为定义或政策约束.作者提供了一个说明该模型,从当前收入表和资产负债表数据和决策所需的公司特征和生成一五年预测资产负债表和损益表,企业.因此,该模型可以用来预测重要的金融变量,此外,它可以被用来执行与灵敏度分析.最后,弗兰西斯和罗威尔（1978）延长沃伦和谢尔顿模型考虑10部门企业的行动（包括价格,生产成本,销售,和风险）.方程的系统基本上是递归的（如在原价的模型）,但每个部门的方程求解.再次,销售是驱动力的系统,它反过来又决定生产水平和资本要求.然而,什么是新的,价格决策（以及生产成本）可以被视为明确之前产生的收入可以估计.这反过来影响融资的要求.风险也增加了作为一个决定因素的融资成本.灵敏度的方程系统的各种参数的变化进行了讨论.

全部展开

在一份早报， Carlton (1970)公式化集成财务，经济和会计理论开发一个线性规划结构为牢固的政策制定的模型。股息小河估价等式用于开发一个非线性目标函数根据最大股票行市在企业设置的计划展望期。要开发相关限制，帐户信息、经济理论和财务理论联合被使用辩解规格。 Carlton使用资产负债表和收入报告关系指定限制根据来源和资金使用，并且，在税赢利，通过资产负债表和收入报告帐户之后表达。模型在敞篷车活动和产权奉献物更加具体地然后合并产权关系，限制由企业。投资机会为企业用于建立项目掩护标准和与资金的来源关系这样决策变量。终于，明确考虑是为企业发源的政策限制，即，制约做在股息支付，瞄准资本结构等等。尽管强调他们的公式化)的等式系统(和假定的复杂， Carlton使用的限制可以被分类作为关于定义或政策限制。作者从当前收入报告开始提供模型的例证，和资产负债表形象和决定关于期望牢固的特征并且引起资产负债表和收入报告五年展望为企业。另外因此，这个模型可以用于展望重要财政可变物，它可以使用执行相关灵敏度分析。终于， Francis和Rowell (1978)扩大沃伦和Shelton的模型考虑公司的操作的10个区段(包括定价、生产成本、产业销售和风险)。方程组根本上递归(和在WS的模型)，但每个区段的等式同时解决。再次，销售是驱动力为系统，并且它反过来确定生产水平和资本需要量。然而，什么是新的是定价决定(并且生产成本)可以明确地被考虑，在被创造的收入可以估计之前。这反过来影响需要的财务。风险也增加作为财务的费用的定列式。等式系统的敏感性对各种各样的参量变动也被谈论。

收起

全部展开

在早期的论文中，卡尔顿 (1970 年)，负责制订于一体的金融、经济、和会计理论发展坚定决策的一种线性编程结构的模型。股息流估价方程用于开发非线性的目标函数的最大的股票价格由该公司设置规划的地平线上。要发展相关的约束、会计信息，经济理论与金融理论共同受雇规格的理由。卡尔顿使用资产负债表和收入的语句关系指定约束的来源和使用的资金，和利得税后，都表示通过资产负债表和利润表科目。模型然后合并股权关系，更具体地说可转换的活动与该公司股票发行的约束。建立项目筛选标准，并涉及资金来源，这种决策变量使用该公司的投资机会。最后，明确的考虑是使策略约束首创的公司，即对股息、目标资本结构等的限制。尽管复杂方程系统（和他们制定的假设），可向任一列为卡尔顿所使用的约束定义或政策的约束。作者进行了说明的模式，从当前的收入声明及资产负债表数据和有关需坚定特征决定开始，并生成为该公司的资产负债表和损益表五年预测。因此，此模型可用于预测重要的金融变量，此外，它可以用于执行相关的灵敏度分析。最后，微孔 (1978 年) 和弗朗西斯延长沃伦和谢尔顿的模型考虑 10 个行业的一家公司操作（包括定价、生产成本、行业销售和风险 #。是本质上是递归的方程组的 # WS 的模型 #，但每个部门方程中同时得到解决。再次，销售是动力系统，并反过来，它确定生产水平和资本要求。然而，新是定价的决定 #，以及生产成本）之前生成的收入可以估计可以显式地考虑。这反过来会影响所需的资金。风险还会添加作为融资成本的决定因素。方程系统的各种参数变化的敏感性还讨论了。

收起

在早期的纸,卡尔顿(1970)制定一个模型集金融、经济和会计理论来开发一个线性编程结构对企业决策。股息流估值方程是用于开发一个非线性目标函数方面的最大股价在一个规划设置的公司。开发相关的限制条件,会计信息,经济理论和金融理论共同用来证明规范。卡尔顿用平衡汪氏...

全部展开

在早期的纸,卡尔顿(1970)制定一个模型集金融、经济和会计理论来开发一个线性编程结构对企业决策。股息流估值方程是用于开发一个非线性目标函数方面的最大股价在一个规划设置的公司。开发相关的限制条件,会计信息,经济理论和金融理论共同用来证明规范。卡尔顿用平衡汪氏

收起

We made an early s____ in the morning 英语翻译是in early 14 century ,还是in the early 14 century in an early age/in early age/这两种用法对吗?正宗的英语表达是什么?是用IN还是AT？英语翻译From an early age,young people take out loans to pay their way through college and borrowing against equity in real estate is now at record levels. 英语翻译RT.句子 :Healthy mind in a healthy body.Early to bed,early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.Thanks 英语翻译（3）Early to bed,early to rise,makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise.This is an old English saying.Have you heard of it before?It means that we must go to bed early and get up early in the morning.Then we shall be healthy.We shall also 英语翻译He is a young man in his early twenties. 英语翻译 2000年早期early in 2000 可不可以啊? at an early 英语翻译The years in jail formed habits that were already fixed：the disciplined eating system of an athlete began in the 1940s ,as did the early morning as did the early morning 打错了...是 as did the early morning exercise 英语翻译Implications for teaching and learningThe research reported in this paper has some implications for educators and administrators working with early adolescents,in particular those involved in middle schools.An important implication for ed 英语翻译It is well known that productivity declines with age in a wide range of activities.Lehman (1953) suggests an early peak in productivity in a variety of scientific and artistic endeavors,and Diamond (1986) documents the pattern for several 英语翻译1.assigning frequencies to the classifications is an aid in understanding patterns,this does not make it a quantitative,inferential statistical procedure.2.We are in the early stages of understanding and explaining the complexities of onl 英语翻译The paper by Bekker et al in this issue,examines the use of an early requirements gathering technique,called KidReporter,in which children contribute to the design process by creating a newspaper about the activity that the product under 英语翻译The first spills in early 1922 (Fig.4) began to erode thefoundation at the downstream toe.Subsequently,an apron wasadded and the spillway training walls were improved.Thesemeasures reduced the hazard.Finally,in 1959 a thorough hydraulicst 英语翻译The nucleolus is the most obvious structure seen in the nucleus of a eucaryotic cell when viewed in the light microscope.Consequently,it was so closely scrutinized by early cytologists that an 1898 review could list some 700 references. What can you say in your letter if you wish to receive an early Early in the morning,Mike told Mary about an english tast.