英语翻译中国菜肴的英译方法纽马克认为,翻译的主要目的是忠实传递信息.于国内的翻译大师,无论是严复主张的“信、达、雅”,还是林语堂先生的“忠实、通顺、美”三标准,或是张培基先

英语翻译中国菜肴的英译方法纽马克认为,翻译的主要目的是忠实传递信息.于国内的翻译大师,无论是严复主张的“信、达、雅”,还是林语堂先生的“忠实、通顺、美”三标准,或是张培基先
英语翻译
中国菜肴的英译方法
纽马克认为,翻译的主要目的是忠实传递信息.
于国内的翻译大师,无论是严复主张的“信、达、雅”,
还是林语堂先生的“忠实、通顺、美”三标准,或是张
培基先生的“忠实、通顺”,都力求将忠实摆到主要位
置,即将原文忠实地传达给目的语读者,使他们能获
得与源语读者基本相同的感受[6].翻译就是这样一种
跨文化、跨学科、跨语言、跨时空的信息转换活动,翻
译应被置于东西方的大语境中,文化差异要体现在
翻译中,这就必须掌握其中的诸多方法.
1.直译法
直译法对于写实型的菜名和还原了本来面目的
菜名而言,这是最常用、也是最有效的方法.普通的
中国菜肴的名称主要由四个部分组成：主要原料、
辅料及调料、烹饪方法、加工后形状.这类菜名的命
名模式和构词方式使菜名的英译有规可循、有据可
依.外国友人在理解方面也不会有任何困难.可采用
“烹调方法+ 刀工+ 主料+ 辅料及调料”的格式.例
如笋炒鸡丝stir -fried chicken shreds together with
bamboo shoots.它的主要原料是鸡(chicken),辅料是
笋( bamboo shoots ) ,刀切后的形状是丝(shreds),烹
饪的方式是(stir-fry).又如豉汁蒸带子Steamed
scallops with cured soybean,蜜酱烤鸭Roasted Duck
with Sweet Paste,麻辣鸡丁Diced Chicken with Hot
Pepper 等等.
2.意译法
中国菜肴文化内涵深厚,有时仅仅依靠直译法
不能完全译出菜名的内容和实质.如夫妻肺片不能
译成Husband and wife’s lung slice (丈夫和妻子的
肺切片),回锅肉译成Twice-cooked Pork (烹了两次
的肉).如此直译只会让外宾食欲大减,使他们对中
国文化的神往大打折扣.因此,如果当菜名涉及数
字、吉祥语、烹饪界的行话隐语与比喻,以及菜的行
色味质、刀工与联想等,一般选用意译法.比如“金华
玉树鸡”这道菜,古语“华”与“花”相通,照字面翻译
的话就是chicken cooked with golden flower and jade
tree ,可菜中明明既无花也无树.其实这道菜中“金
华”是指火腿———浙江金华以火腿久负盛名,“玉树”
指青菜——青菜形似玉树.因此,“金华”要译为火腿
(ham) ,“玉树”要译为青菜(greens) ,整个菜名译为
sliced chicken and ham with greens；又如“西湖牛肉
羹”这道菜,“西湖”不能直译为west lake,而译为
鸡蛋(egg),因为从原料上看是鸡蛋和牛肉汤,所以译
为egg and beef soup [7]； 其他如霸王别姬Pickled
Chicken Paws,龙凤呈祥Simmered Snake and Chicken,
翡翠虾仁Stir-fried Shrimps with Peas,蚂蚁上树
Sautéed Bean-vermicelli with Spicy Meat Sauce 等.
3.“谐音”转译
中国饮食文化讲究命名艺术,因此不少原料为
了登上大雅之堂,多半隐姓埋名,而以“行话”的面目
出现,而用得比较多的方法便是“谐音”.有时“谐
音”侧重于某一两种原料； 有时则侧重于某一个词
或词组.翻译时,首先要搞清原料与什么“谐音”,
然后采用“转译”的方法来译.如“ 凤凰玉米羹”这道
菜中,“凤凰”不能译为百鸟之王phoenix；凤乃鸡
也,凰与蛋黄的“黄”同音,此菜可译为corn and egg
porridge ； 又如发财好市Black Moss Cooked with
Oysters.

英语翻译中国菜肴的英译方法纽马克认为,翻译的主要目的是忠实传递信息.于国内的翻译大师,无论是严复主张的“信、达、雅”,还是林语堂先生的“忠实、通顺、美”三标准,或是张培基先
Chinese dishes into English
Newmark believes that the main purpose of translation is faithful transmission of information.
Master of the domestic translation,whether it is advocated by Yan Fu,"the letter,and Elegance"
Or Lin Yutang's "faithful,fluent,the United States the" three standards,or sheets
Prudential President's "faithful,clear and coherent",are placed in the main bits sought to faithfully
Home,about the original purpose of language to convey to the faithful readers,so that they can be
The source language readers may feel the same [6].Translation is one such
Cross-cultural,interdisciplinary,cross-language information on conversion activities across time and space,turning
Translation should be placed in the big East-West context,cultural differences should be reflected in the
Translation,which must master one of the many methods.
1.Literal translation
Literal translation of the name of the dish for the realism and restore the true colors of the
Name of the dish,this is the most common and most effective method.Ordinary
Chinese cuisine is the name of the principal consists of four parts:the main raw material,
Accessories and spices,cooking methods,processed shape.The life of such dish
Name mode and name of the dish so that the English word formation rule-based,evidence-can be
By.In terms of foreign friends will not have any difficulty understanding.Can be
"Ingredients knife cooking accessories and spices" format.Cases
Such as chicken fried bamboo shoots stir-fried chicken shreds together with
bamboo shoots.It is the main raw material is the chicken (chicken),materials are
Bamboo (bamboo shoots),after the shape of a wire knife (shreds),cooking
Ren way (stir-fry).Another example is the Steamed scallops steamed in Black Bean Sauce
scallops with cured soybean,honey sauce Roasted Duck duck
with Sweet Paste,Diced Chicken with Hot Spicy Chicken
Pepper and so on.
2.Paraphrase
Profound cultural connotation of Chinese cuisine,sometimes relying on literal translation
Name of the dish can not be fully translated content and substance.If not Fuqifeipian
Translated Husband and wife's lung slice (husband and wife
Lung slice),twice-cooked pork into Twice-cooked Pork (cooked twice
Meat).This will only make foreign guests literally greatly reduced appetite,making them the
National culture fascinated greatly reduced.Therefore,if the number involved when the name of the dish
Characters,auspicious,culinary jargon lingo and metaphors,and the food line
Color taste quality,a knife and Lenovo,are generally used free translation.Such as "Jinhua
Yushu chicken "dish,the old saying," China "and" flowers "the same,literal translation
So is the chicken cooked with golden flower and jade
tree,flowers can be neither food nor the trees clearly.This dish is in fact the "Golden
China "is --- Jinhua ham to ham prestigious," Yushu "
Means vegetables - cabbage shape Yushu.Therefore,"Jinhua" to be translated as ham
(Ham),"Yushu" to be translated into vegetables (greens),translated the name of the dish
sliced chicken and ham with greens; such as "West Lake beef
Soup "dish," West "can not be literally translated as the west lake,which translated into
Eggs (egg),because the point of view is from the raw eggs and beef soup,so the translation
The egg and beef soup [7]; others such as Farewell My Concubine Pickled
Chicken Paws,Dragon and Phoenix Simmered Snake and Chicken,
Jade Shrimp Stir-fried Shrimps with Peas,Ants on the Tree
Sautéed Bean-vermicelli with Spicy Meat Sauce and so on.
3."Homophonic" translation
Pay attention to name the art of Chinese food culture,so a lot of raw materials
The board something presentable,most of anonymity,and the "jargon" of the face
Appear,and more than the method used is the "harmonics." Sometimes "harmonic
Tone "focus on one of two materials; sometimes focus on a particular word
Or phrase.Translation,the first to find out what materials and "homonym"
Then a "translation" approach to translation.Such as "Phoenix corn soup" This Road
Dishes,"Phoenix" can not be translated as the king of birds phoenix; Phoenix is the chicken
Also,Phoenix and the egg yolk "yellow" are homonyms,corn and egg dish can be translated
porridge; Another example is the rich city of Black Moss Cooked with good
Oysters.
机翻,不要算了,这么多,谁有心思去烦啊