英语翻译IntroductionIn a brief introduction,identify your chosen topic,identify at least one key author that was instrumental in developing explanatory theory on the subject.Situate this (these) author(s) in time (e.g.late 1980’s),with respect

英语翻译IntroductionIn a brief introduction,identify your chosen topic,identify at least one key author that was instrumental in developing explanatory theory on the subject.Situate this (these) author(s) in time (e.g.late 1980’s),with respect
英语翻译
Introduction
In a brief introduction,identify your chosen topic,identify at least one key author that was instrumental in developing explanatory theory on the subject.Situate this (these) author(s) in time (e.g.late 1980’s),with respect to its (their) disciplinary affiliation (e.g.an economic geographer),and eventually providing – it’s optional – information about the locale and context of the first researches (e.g.X came to develop an interest in this phenomenon at the occasion of his famous study of Los Angeles…).
Core of the essay
The core of the essay will consist of four sections.
A section will present (a) comprehensive definition(s) of the key concept(s) pertaining to your topic (e.g.“Edges cities could be defined as…” “Global warming is defined by author X as…”).
The second section will discuss what aspects of the post-industrial city are dealt with,or concerned by,the theories pertaining to your specific topic.Another way to present the relevance of your topic for the contemporary city is to discuss how global warming,for instance,poses a challenge for cities in particular; to discuss what the concept of Edge city tells us about the reality and/or the challenges faced by the contemporary city,or; the how the literature explains the trend that sees cities developing mega-projects in order to boost their development and re-position themselves in the global urban system.
The following section should discuss the impact of the theory on the contemporary planning practice (e.g.how the explanatory theory pertaining to your topic came to influence the way in which our cities are planned,i.e.how the explanatory theory was transformed into a normative-prescriptive planning theory; or how a normative-prescriptive theory has been operationalized in specific sets of planning practices e.g.policy making,economic development policies,master planning,land-use regulations,etc.).
The fourth section will discuss the resonance of your topic in a Canadian context (refer yourself to at least one text that discusses,for instance,the impact of the Creative cities paradigm,or ideas,for Canadian cities or one Canadian city…).
Conclusion
In the conclusion,discuss briefly,based on the references consulted,the relative importance of this topic for the future of planning over the next 20 years.

英语翻译IntroductionIn a brief introduction,identify your chosen topic,identify at least one key author that was instrumental in developing explanatory theory on the subject.Situate this (these) author(s) in time (e.g.late 1980’s),with respect
在简短的介绍中,找出你所选择的主题,确定至少有一名主要作者,这是在发展中的解释性理论对此事的意见.境内今（这些）作者（ s ）在时间（如20世纪80年代末） ,是针对它（它们）纪律所属单位（如：经济地理学家） ,并最终提供了-它的可选-信息有关地区和语境整个第一研究（如x来发展利益,在这一现象之际,他的著名的研究洛杉矶… … ） .
核心散文
核心的征文将分为四节.
一节将于本（一）全面定义（ s ）的关键概念（ ）有关你的话题（如"边缘城市可以定义为… … " ,"全球气候变暖是指由作者x为… … " ） .
第二部分将讨论哪些方面的后工业城市,是处理的,或关切,理论有关你的具体话题.另一种方式,以目前的相关话题您为当代城市是讨论如何在全球气候变暖,举例来说,是一项挑战,为城市,尤其是要讨论什么概念边缘城市向我们讲述了现实和/或所面临的挑战由当代城市,或者;该如何解释文学潮流处处是城市发展的大项目,以增强它们的发展和重新定位自己,在全球城市体系.
下一节要讨论的影响,该理论对当代规划的惯例（例如如何解释性理论有关你的话题来影响了道路,使我们的城市规划,即：如何解释性理论转化为一种规范指令性计划理论;或如何规范指令性的理论已可操作性的具体规定了规划的做法,例如决策,经济发展政策,总体规划,土地使用条例等等） .
第四部分将讨论共振,你的话题,在加拿大的（指自己至少有一个文字论述,举例来说,影响的创意城市范式,或想法,为加拿大主要城市或一个加拿大城市… … ） .
结论
在得出这样的结论,简要讨论的基础上,参考咨询,相对重要性这一主题,为未来的规划,在今后20年中.

foundation的essay要求吧~~~太长了```上班，没时间 ``