高中英语非独立主格结构的例句或例题有那些

高中英语非独立主格结构的例句或例题有那些
高中英语非独立主格结构的例句或例题有那些

高中英语非独立主格结构的例句或例题有那些
你所说的“非独立主格结构”在英语语法中是不存在的.
应该是“非谓语动词的独立主格结构”或是
“非独立主格结构”是“除了独立主格结构之外的动词形式”.
先给你说一下什么是独立主格：
英语中分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,有现在分词和过去分词两种.现在分词表示主动和进行,过去分词表示被动、承受、完成和状态.
（一）： 独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成.　
（二） 独立主格结构的特点：
　　 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在.
　　 2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系.
　　 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开.
举例：
　　 The test finished, we began our holiday.
　 = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
　　考试结束了,我们开始放假.
　　
　　 The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
　 = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
　　总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中.
分词做状语时,必须和句子主语构成逻辑上的主被动关系：现在分词表示主动,逻辑主语发出、作出动作；过去分词表示被动,逻辑主语承受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生
例如：Her husband died last year,leaving her with three children.（ 去年她丈夫去世了,给她留下了三个孩子.）
其中,leaving 这个动作是句子主语 Her husband 发出的, 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系.
但是,当分词与句子主语不能构成逻辑上的主被动关系,就需要补出分词真正的逻辑主语.这是就构成了“逻辑主语＋分词”的结构,也就是独立主格结构.
如：He sat in front of them ,his dusty face masking his age. （他坐在他们的前面,满是灰尘的脸掩盖了他的真实年龄.）
其中,masking 和句子主语he不能构成逻辑关系,只能补出真正的逻辑主语his dusty face.his dusty face masking his age就是独立主格结构.
分词的独立主格结构是分词的一种特殊形式,在句中作状语.在分词的独立主格结构中,名词或代词同其后的分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等在逻辑上有主谓关系.
分词的独立主格结构构成类型主要有以下几种情况：
1)"逻辑主语＋分词"或"名词／代词＋分词"形式.例如：
He sat in front of them ,his dusty face masking his age.
他坐在他们的前面,满是灰尘的脸掩盖了他的真实年龄.
All things considered,the planned trip will have to be called off.
考虑到所有的事情,原计划的旅行将被迫取消.
2)There being＋主语.例如：
There being no danger,the police went back to their police office.
既然没有危险,警察们又回到警局.
There having been no rain,the crops were dying.
没有下雨,庄稼就要旱死了.
3)with＋名词词组＋分词.例如：
With the problem settled,they were happy and relaxed.
问题解决了,他们又高兴又轻松.
With the price of gold going up,our economy would be improved.
随着黄金价格的上涨,我们的经济形式会有所好转
独立主格结构中的非谓语动词用法

独立主格结构的基本形式是“名词或代词+形容词（副词、介词短语、非谓语动词等）”.本文主要归纳“名词或代词+非谓语动词”这一结构的用法.
1. 名词或代词+不定式
其中的不定式通常表示尚未发生或即将要发生的动作.如：
Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天没有人来,我们将把会议推迟到下周.
So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的.
We divided the work, he to dean the window and I to sweep the floor. 我们分了工,他擦窗户,我扫地.
2. 名词或代词+现在分词
其中的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在进行）.如：
She ran up to me, her hair flying in the wind. 她向我跑来,秀发在风中飘扬着.
We explored the caves, Peter acting as a guide. 由彼得作向导,我们探查了那些洞穴.
We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力,一个人干两个人的活.
注：有时现在分词不表示进行,而表示一般情况.如：
Their room was on the third floor, it’s window overlooking the sports ground. 他们的房间在三层楼上,窗户俯视着操场.
3. 名词或代词+过去分词
其中的过去分词通常表示被动意义.如：
Everyone helped, John not excepted. 大家都来帮忙,约翰也不例外.
All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs. 积蓄全部用完了,我们就开始找工作.
This done, they next set to clean the room. 做完这件事之后,他们接下来就开始清理房间.
She gazed, her hands clasped to her breast. 她凝视着,双手叉在胸前.
习题
1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _________ in a year.
A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
2. All things _________, I think we ought to give the job to George.
A. considered B. considering C. to consider D. being considered
3. The river _________ in the night, the crossing was impossible.
A. to rise B. rose C. having risen D. being risen
4. More time _________, we should have done the job much better.
A. to give B. give C. being given D. given
5. We shall play the match tomorrow, weather _________.
A. permets B. permitting C. to permit D. permitted
6. The monitor _________ ill, we’d better put the meeting off.
A. being B. to be C. been D. to have been
7. An important lecture _________ given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.
A. to be B. being C. been D. to have been
8. He was lying on the grass, his hands _________ under his head.
A. to cross B. crossed C. crossing D. to be crossing
9. Tom _________ late over and over, his boss was very disappointed.
A. having been B. been C. to be D. to being
10. Other things _________ equal, I would buy the black dress not the white one.
A. being B. to be C. been D. having been

【参考答案】1—5 CACDB 6—10 AABAA

没听过这个语法